(Benchmarking) , , - .
, . .
Benchmarking "dantotsu", ", , (), ()" [ 125] .
, , , : " , " [125].
, " " , , , .
1972 . (). PIMS ( ), , , , , .
1979 . " " . .
- "", "", "Dupont", "Motorola", "Chase" , . . .
(Bec) , .
, .
, , , , , .
. , , , (P.Bauer) [122].
-, , . , , G.Reves E.Pfleger [138].
"" , , , . , . , , (Y.K.Shetty) [140].
, (R.Venetucci) [143].
W.Krokowski , . [133].
. , :
, ?
?
, ?
, ?
, . , , (W.Bruckhardt) [124] . , W.Bruckhardt , , , .
T.R.Furey , , , [129].
, , , , , (C.Toldmann, D.Randsley, Y.Ohinata .).
, , " ", , , . (Y.Ohinata) [136].
ICI fibres ( ) , - (T.Clauton, B.Lunch).
, .
, , , . , " " (M.Smith) . .
, , , , . , .
