, 12 : 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 21 : (1, 2), (1, 3), (1,4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 7), (4, 8), (4, 11), (5, 9), (6, 8), (6, 9), (7, 11), (8, 7), (8, 9), (8, 10), (8, 11), (9, 10), (9, 12), (10, 12), (11, 10), (11, 12). , .
1 ( ), 12 ( ). 1 , 12 , , ( 2.1). - .
2.1
, .
( 2.2), ( ).
- . - , . L , , - .
. , .
4
5
8 8 6 15
10 7 3
13 11 9 13
10
9 15 10 5 12
3 7
17
2.2 (min)
( 1.2) : 1-2-5-9-12 8+5+4+15=32 , 1-3-6-9-10-12 13+10+8+6+13=50 , 1-3-8-7-11-12 13+11+10+7+12=53 , 1-4-7-11-12 9+3+7+12=31 ..
, ( , ), ( , ). 31 , .. 31 . , .
, 12 (11, 12), .. 11; 11 (7, 17), .. 7; 7 (4, 7), .. 4, ..
, 1, 4, 7, 11, 12 (1, 4), (4, 7), (7, 11), (11, 12).
(1.4) :
=694+50+45++35+10=1216 (.)
-Δ=1216-293=923 (.), .. 25 %. , t=31 (), : 1-3-4-7-10-11-12; 1-3-5-8-9-11; 1-3-4-6-7-10-11; 1-3-5-6-8-9-11 ..
2.2
2. . , , , . , , , .
- , . , , , , .
, , . . , .
- , , .
